have precluded literate education is popular, although some scholars also cite biblical passages, or both. Especially popular is connecting Jesus’ illiteracy to his identity as a peasant. In light of the previous discussion, one must consider Craffert and Botha wrong when they claim, “Current scholarship is fairly unanimous that Jesus could read and write.”89 If anything, there has been a slight shift towards seeing Jesus as illiterate, although there are still advocates